Risk factors, subsequent disease onset, and prognostic impact of myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation

Although myocardial infarction (MI) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are frequent comorbidities and share common cardiovascular risk factors, the direction and strength of the association of the risk factors with disease onset, subsequent disease incidence, and mortality are not completely understood. Temporal relations of disease onset and identified predictors of MI, AF, and all‐cause mortality in 108 363 individuals (median age, 46.0 years; 48.2% men) free of MI and AF at baseline from 6 European population‐based cohorts have been examined. During a maximum follow‐up of 10.0 years, 3558 (3.3%) individuals were diagnosed exclusively with MI, 1922 (1.8%) with AF but no MI, and 491 (0.5%) individuals developed both MI and AF. Association of sex, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive treatment, and diabetes appeared to be stronger with incident MI than with AF, whereas increasing age and body mass index showed a higher risk for incident AF. Total cholesterol and daily smoking were significantly related to incident MI but not AF. Different associations of cardiovascular risk factors with both diseases indicating distinct pathophysiological pathways have been observed. Subsequent diagnoses of MI and AF significantly increased mortality risk.

To read more: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.121.024299